Building construction 119 Question, it's time to test your professionalism
1, scaffolding
1, What is the role of scissors on scaffolding? ?
A: Prevent the longitudinal deformation of scaffolding, enhance the overall rigidity of scaffolding.
2. What are the safety regulations when there are external power lines on the outside of the scaffold? ?
Answer: It is strictly prohibited to set up a ramp of up and down scaffolding on the side with external power lines.
3. Can the scaffold be connected to the unloading platform? ?
Answer: No, the unloading platform should be set up independently.
4, Which steel pipes are not allowed to be used for scaffolding construction? ?
A: Seriously corroded, flattened, bent, cracked steel pipe.
5. Which fasteners should not be used? ?
A: Where there are cracks, deformation, shrinkage, slip-wire shall not be used.
6. What signs should be hung on the unloading platform? ?
A: A sign limiting the load.
7, the erection height of the door scaffold generally should not exceed how many meters? ?
Answer: It should not exceed 45m.
8. When the load-bearing steel wire rope of the hanging blue frame is connected with the safety steel wire rope, the rope should be stuck
No less than three. Is that true? ?
Answer: Not true, because these two kinds of wire rope can not be extended.
9, 9, the overall lifting frame in the lifting when the safety requirements? ?
Answer: The frame is strictly prohibited from standing when lifting.
10. What are the main safety devices of the overall elevator? ?
A: Anti-fall device and anti-capsizing device.
11. What safety devices should be equipped with hanging basket scaffolding? ?
A: Brake, travel limit, safety lock, anti-tilt device, overload protection device.
12. What are the requirements for the weight of the hanging basket scaffold? ?
(1) The suspension mechanism of the hanging basket or the roof trolley must be configured with appropriate counterweight;
(2) The weight should be accurately and firmly installed on the distribution point, and should be configured according to the drawing
The weight of sufficient quality must be verified by the safety inspector before the basket can be used;
(3) The anti-overturning coefficient is equal to the ratio of counterweight moment to forward leaning moment, and the ratio should not be less than 2.
13, scaffold pole top should be higher than the roof how much? ?
Answer: The top of the pole should be 1m higher than the parapet epithelium and 1.5m higher than the cornice epithelium.
14, steel, bamboo mixed scaffold is available? ? Why? ?
Answer: Unavailable. The basic requirements of scaffolding are that after the overall force, no shaking, no deformation,
Keep it steady. The joint of the rod is the key to force transmission, and the mixed scaffold has no reliable binding
Tie the material, causing the joints to relax, the frame will produce deformation, can not meet the force of the foot on the frame
Please.
15, scaffolding and its foundation in which stages should be inspected and accepted? ?
(1) After the foundation is completed and before the scaffolding is set up;
(2) Before the load is applied on the working layer;
(3) after each installation of 10 to 13m height;
(4) In case of six strong winds and heavy rain, cold areas after freezing;
(5) After reaching the design height;
(6) Disuse for more than one month.
16, engaged in scaffolding construction personnel should wear what protective equipment? ?
A: Wear a hard hat, seat belt and non-slip shoes.
17, During the use of scaffolding, which rods are strictly prohibited to remove? ?
A: (1) longitudinal horizontal bar at the main node, longitudinal and horizontal sweeping bar;
(2) Connecting wall parts.
18, engaged in shelf construction operators must have what conditions? ?
A: Scaffolding erection personnel must be according to the current national standard "special operations personnel.
Safety technical assessment management rules "qualified professional frame workers, the staff should be regular body
Check, pass can hold the certificate to work.
19, "Building construction portal steel scaffold safety technical code" in the portal steel frame
What are the requirements for the scissor brace setup? ?
(1) When the height of the scaffold exceeds 20m, it should be continuously set on the outside of the scaffold;
(2) The Angle of the scissors brace bar and the ground should be 45-60 degrees, and the width of the scissors brace should be
4-8m;
(3) The scissors brace should be fastened with the door frame vertical rod;
(4) If the diagonal bar of scissors is splice long, the splice length should not be less than 600mm, splice
Two fasteners should be used to fasten.
20. What is the deviation between the overall verticality and levelness of the scaffold in the erection of the portal scaffold
Beg? ?
A: The allowable deviation of the verticality is 1/600 of the height of the scaffold and ±50mm; levelness
The allowable deviation is 1/600 of the scaffold length and ±50mm.
21. What are the requirements for the load on the masonry frame and the decorative frame? ?
A: The load of the masonry frame should not exceed 270kg/㎡, and the decorative scaffold should not exceed 200kg/
㎡.
22, what anti-slip measures should be taken for the step ladder? ?
A: There should be strong hinges and zippers with limited development, which should be used when the ground is slippery
Take anti-slip measures.
2. Foundation pit support
1. When the depth of foundation pit exceeds how many meters, special support design should be carried out? ?
A: 5m.
2, when foundation pit construction, what are the regulations on the side of the pit load? ?
A: It is generally required that the height of the pit side load does not exceed 1.5m, and the distance is greater than 1.2m.
3, when someone is poisoned in the construction of the well ((ground)), how should I give first aid? ?
Answer: The personnel on the well (ground) absolutely do not intend to go down to rescue, must first supply air to save
Auxiliary personnel must take personal protection measures and send personnel to report to the site manager and the relevant health management
Management department, the scene does not have rescue conditions, should call 119, 110 or 120 for help.
4. What are the factors affecting slope stability? ?
A: (1) The effect of the type of soil;
(2) Influenced by the degree of soil humidification, there is more water in the soil, and the slope is easy to lose stability;
(3) The climate makes the soil soft;
(4) The influence of external force of additional load on the slope.
5. What is the order of manual excavation? ?
A: It should be layered from top to bottom, and the operation method of hollowing out the foot is prohibited. In the ditch,
The soil and materials piled at the edge of the pit should be at least 1.2m away from the edge, and the height should not exceed 1.5m.
6. What are the main causes of collapse accidents in foundation pit excavation? ?
A: (1) The excavation of foundation pit is not enough;
(2) The top of the foundation pit slope is overloaded or caused by vibration, causing landslide;
(3) The application method is not correct, the excavation procedure is not correct;
(4) excessive high excavation;
(5) Incorrect support setup or removal;
(6) Inadequate drainage measures.
7, multiple machinery excavation at the same time, the distance between the machinery should be how many meters more safe? ?
A: It should be 10m.
8, When excavating earthwork, should it be top-down or bottom-up? ?
Answer: Top-down excavation.
9. How much should the operating distance of manual excavation be maintained? ?
Answer: For manual excavation, the horizontal spacing of the operator should be greater than 2m, and the vertical spacing should be
It is larger than 3m.
10, there are several common slope protection measures in construction, and there are several forms of common support for the pit wall
Style? ?
Answer: In order to ensure the safety of earthwork construction, the commonly used measures for slope protection include covering method,
Drawing net method, soil bag pressure slope method three. The common support forms of the pit wall include lining plate, cantilever type and pull
Anchor type, bolt type and diagonal brace type.
11. What necessary investigations and reconnaissance work should be done before earthworks are carried out? ?
A: Geology, hydrology and underground cable, pipeline equipment.
3, "three treasures" and "four" protection
1, the height of the building is greater than how many meters should be set up a double-layer protective shed?
Answer: Greater than 24m.
2. Should seat belts be checked after several years of use?
A: Two years.
3. What do "Three treasures" and "four mouths" mean?
A: "Three treasures" refers to the safety helmet, seat belt, safety net; "Sikou" refers to the stairway,
Elevator wellhead, reserved hole, passageway.
4, what should be paid attention to when using safety?
(1) The length of the safety belt rope used by the framers is limited to 1.5-2m.
(2) should do vertical suspension, high hanging low use; When used in a horizontal position, to
Pay attention to oscillating collision; It should not be used low and high; The rope should not be used in knots; So as not to force the knot
Cut off; The hook should not be directly hung on the unstable object and directly hung on the non-metal rope to prevent the rope from being
Cut it off.
5. What shoes are forbidden to wear in high work?
A: Do not wear hard soles and easy shoes with nails.
6, suffering from what disease people should not engage in high work?
A: People who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other diseases are not suitable for high
Persons who suffer from work-related diseases shall not be allowed to work at heights.
7, How to use the safety "three treasures"?
(1) To enter the construction site, you must wear a safety hat that meets the standard and tie the hat band;
(2) Where more than 2m hanging operators, must first hang the safety belt.
(3) Hanging close mesh safety net outside the scaffold, elevator shaft every 2 layers and up to 10m
Set up a safety net.
8. What are the three permanent signs of the safety helmet stipulated by the national standard?
A: (1) Manufacturer's name, trademark and model;
(2) Year and month of manufacture;
(3) License number.
9. What does high work mean?
A: Where the fall height is above 2m (including 2m), it is possible to fall
The operation is called the height operation.
10, when the height is m 15m, how many m m radius of fall?
A: 3m.
11. What protective measures should be taken for cave opening operation?
(1) Where the hole is less than 1.5m×1.5m, the long steel mesh is embedded or the fixed cover plate is added.
(2) The hole of 1.5m×1.5m or more must be surrounded by two protective railings and the hole
Set up a safety net next.
(3) The elevator well head is equipped with protective railings or fixed gate, and the elevator well is separated by two layers and the most
Set up safety nets 10m apart.
(4) A safety protection shed shall be set up on the upper part of the passageway at the construction site.
12. What facilities should be set up at the construction site in public places?
A: There must be visible signs and security facilities.
13. Which colors are the safety colors stipulated by the state?
A: The safe colors are: red, blue, yellow and green.
14, What kind of climate conditions prohibit open height work?
A: High winds above six, thunderstorms or heavy rain, snow and fog days prohibit open-air work.
15, which parts of the helmet?
A: Cap shell, cap lining, chin band.
16. When carrying out the leaching construction, the location of the leaching pot should be away from the road of pedestrians
At least how many m m?
A: 5m.
17, in order to prevent the hole falling accident, the hole reserved for the concrete floor should be
What measures should be taken?
A: Strong cover plates, protective railings, safety nets or other fall protection must be installed
Protective measures.
18, in the case of tight construction period and heavy tasks, non-electricians can also wire themselves, yes
Did you?
A: No.
19. What are the "five edges" in building construction?
Answer: "Five sides" refers to the balcony perimeter that has not yet been installed with railings, and the layer without external protection
Surface perimeter, frame engineering floor perimeter, two sides of runway and ramp, unloading platform
Side.
20. What are the requirements for wearing a helmet?
A: (1) The helmet is composed of two parts: the hat lining and the hat shell, and the hat lining and the hat shell can not be tight
Stick, there should be a certain gap, when there is a material fall to the helmet shell, the hat lining can play a buffer
Function, do not cause cervical injury.
(2) The jaw strap must be bolted tightly, when the human body falls, because the helmet is worn on the head
Part, plays a protective role on the head.
21. What measures should be taken at night in dangerous areas of the construction site?
A: A red light warning should be set.
22, climbing operations, the use of tools to pay attention to what?
A: The tools used in climbing operations should be placed in the toolbox or tool bag, which is commonly used
The equipment should be tied to the body, and the required materials or other tools must be passed on a strong rope.
It is forbidden to throw back and forth by hand, so as not to fall and hurt people. After the operation, the tools used should be counted and collected
Back, to prevent left at the job site and drop injury.
23, in the construction installation process, if the upper and lower two layers at the same time to work, must be taken
What measures allow workers to work below the same vertical line?
A: There must be a special protective plate or other isolation measures between the upper and lower layers.
4. Vertical mechanical transport
1. What safety protection devices should external elevators have?
A: Brakes, speed limiters, door interlocking devices, upper and lower limit devices.
2, external elevator should hang what signs?
A: A sign indicating the load limit and the number of carrying people should be hung.
3. What should the safety protection device of the elevated material elevator be?
A: Safety stop device, broken rope protection device, ultra high limit device, lower limit limit
Device, buffer, overload limiter.
4. The free height of the top of the derrick lifting frame body shall not be greater than how many m m?
A: No more than 6m.
5, the number of derrick wire rope card shall not be less than a few?
A: No less than three.
6. What safety signs should be hung next to the derrick?
A: "No passenger" warning sign.
7, the wire rope on the drum should not be less than how many rings?
A: No less than 3 laps.
8, derrick hoist should have what kind of safety protection devices?
A: (1) Safety docking device;
(2) Floor entrance protective door;
(3) hanging basket safety door;
(4) feeding port protection shed;
(5) Upper limit limiter;
(6) emergency power switch;
(7) Signal device.
9. What are the requirements for the foundation of low frame elevator?
A: (1) The bearing capacity of the soil layer after compaction is not less than 80MPa;
(2) Pour C20 concrete with a thickness of 300cm;
(3) The foundation surface is flat and the levelness deviation is not more than 10cm.
10, material elevator safety buffer distance should be how much?
A: 3m.
11. What is the distance between the first guide pulley of the derrick and the hoist?
A: The winch drum is 15 times the width of the drum; Hoist drum
The ungrooved drum is 20 times the width of the drum.
12, what is the "ten no hanging" principle?
A: (1) The weight of the object to be lifted exceeds the allowable range of mechanical properties;
(2) The signal is not clear and not allowed to hang;
(3) No one is allowed to stand under the hanging object;
(4) The person standing on the hanging object is not allowed to hang;
(5) Items buried in the ground are not allowed to be hung;
(6) The diagonal pull is not allowed to hang;
(7) Loose objects are not tied firmly and are not allowed to hang;
(8) Loose objects are not allowed to be hung without containers;
(9) the weight of the lifting object is unknown, and the sling is not allowed to be hoisted;
(10) It is not allowed to hang when the wind and fog above six degrees affect vision and heavy rain and snow.
13. What are the types of lifting command signals?
A: Hand signals, flag signals and sound signals.
14, hook hanging rope section wear more than the original height of how much should be scrapped?
A: More than 10% of the original height should be scrapped.
15. What are the key inspection contents before the tower crane operation?
A: (1) The appearance of the mechanical structure, each transmission mechanism should be normal;
(2) The oil level of each gear box and hydraulic tank should meet the standard;
(3) The main part of the connection bolt should not be loose;
(4) the wear condition of the wire rope and the winding pulley should comply with the regulations;
(5) The power supply cable should not be damaged.
16. Cranes lift objects

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